Rev. Dr. Harvey Johnson (1843–1923) was a Baptist minister, educator, and civil rights advocate whose work in Baltimore focused on racial equality, education, and political representation.

Born enslaved in Fauquier County, Virginia, to Thomas and Harriet Johnson, he was educated at Wayland Seminary in Washington, D.C., and Virginia Union University.

Johnson pastored Baltimore's Union Baptist Church for more than fifty years. During his leadership, a new church building was constructed and paid for within one year. He also advocated for an educated clergy and established Clayton-Williams University in 1911.

An outspoken civil rights advocate, Johnson challenged segregation and discrimination. He filed a lawsuit against a railroad after being ejected for refusing segregated train accommodations. He also worked to secure African-Americans' right to take Maryland's bar examination and advocated for African-American teachers in Black schools.

His political activism contributed to African-Americans being elected to Baltimore's City Council and gaining admission to the University of Maryland Law School. Johnson also participated in the Niagara Movement, supported the temperance movement, and organized the Mutual Brotherhood of Liberty, a predecessor of the Baltimore chapter of the NAACP.

Civil rights and political advocate, challenging railroad segregation, advocated for equal access to Maryland's legal profession, and worked to expand African-American political representation.

Organized the Mutual Brotherhood of Liberty, a predecessor of the Baltimore chapter of the NAACP, and participated in the Niagara Movement.